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  Educator's Resource Guide to the Alaska Standards: Curriculum Frameworks Project


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Starting Points

Standard A: Content of Math

Standard B: Problem Solving

Standard C: Communication

Standard D: Reasoning

Standard E: Connections

Math Content Standard A: Content of Math

Key Element 1. Numeration

A student who meets the content standard should understand and use numeration, including numbers, number systems, counting numbers, whole numbers, integers, fractions, decimals, and percents, irrationals and complex numbers.

Numeration For All

  • All mathematical reasoning requires a basic understanding of numeracy, measurement tools, exact or estimated computations, how the symbols relate to physical patterns, geometric relationships, and the relative certainty of predictions that we can make. These skills should be taught side by side every year of school.
  • Algebraic, geometric and statistical thinking require application of the basic numeracy concepts. If students understand how number systems work and what they represent they will apply these basic understandings at every level of mathematics. The content of all math courses should reflect and build upon these connections.
  • Numeracy concepts are applied at all levels of mathematical education. Number sense consists of an ability to draw connections between concrete objects and numerical representations of objects and ideas concerning numbers. A clear understanding between cardinal uses of numbers and ordinal uses of numbers allows students to anticipate what more complex numbers are meant to represent. Properties of numbers and operations can be extended and converted from concrete objects to numbers to symbolic representations. Students can create number theory from experimental data and can apply number theory to pattern-prediction activities.

Big Ideas in Numeracy

Uses of numbers

  • Equivalence between numbers, objects and other representations; sense of magnitude, relative magnitudes
  • Place value concepts
  • Whole numbers, decimals, fractions, integers, rationals, irrationals, exponents, roots, ratios, percents